Skip to main content

Fathers

Ante-Nicene Fathers

ANF Volume 5: Fathers of the Third Century: Hippolytus; Cyprian; Caius; Novatian; Appendix

Schaff English

Edited by Philip Schaff

Nineteenth-century public-domain English.

Public domain. Not a modern critical edition.

Contents

  1. Title Pages
  2. Preface
  3. Hippolytus
    1. Introductory Notice
    2. The Refutation of All Heresies
      1. Book I
        1. Contents
        2. The Proœmium — -Motives for Undertaking the Refutation; Exposure of the Ancient Mysteries; Plan of the Work; Completeness of the Refutation; Value of the Treatise to Future Ages
        3. Thales; His Physics and Theology; Founder of Greek Astronomy
        4. Pythagoras; His Cosmogony; Rules of His Sect; Discoverer of Physiognomy; His Philosophy of Numbers; His System of the Transmigration of Souls; Zaratas on Demons; Why Pythagoras Forbade the Eating of Beans; The Mode of Living Adopted by His Disciples
        5. Empedocles; His Twofold Cause; Tenet of Transmigration
        6. Heraclitus; His Universal Dogmatism; His Theory of Flux; Other Systems
        7. Anaximander; His Theory of the Infinite; His Astronomic Opinions; His Physics
        8. Anaximenes; His System of “An Infinite Air;” His Views of Astronomy and Natural Phenomena
        9. Anaxagoras; His Theory of Mind; Recognises an Efficient Cause; His Cosmogony and Astronomy
        10. Archelaus; System Akin to that of Anaxagoras; His Origin of the Earth and of Animals; Other Systems
        11. Parmenides; His Theory of “Unity;” His Eschatology
        12. Leucippus; His Atomic Theory
        13. Democritus; His Duality of Principles; His Cosmogony
        14. Xenophanes; His Scepticism; His Notions of God and Nature; Believes in a Flood
        15. Ecphantus; His Scepticism; Tenet of Infinity
        16. Hippo; His Duality of Principles; His Psychology
        17. Socrates; His Philosophy Reproduced by Plato
        18. Plato; Threefold Classification of Principles; His Idea of God; Different Opinions Regarding His Theology and Psychology; His Eschatology and System of Metempsychosis; His Ethical Doctrines; Notions on the Free-Will Question
        19. Aristotle; Duality of Principles; His Categories; His Psychology; His Ethical Doctrines; Origin of the Epithet “Peripatetic.”
        20. The Stoics; Their Superiority in Logic; Fatalists; Their Doctrine of Conflagrations
        21. Epicurus; Adopts the Democritic Atomism; Denial of Divine Providence; The Principle of His Ethical System
        22. The Academics; Difference of Opinion Among Them
        23. The Brachmans; Their Mode of Life; Ideas of Deity; Different Sorts Of; Their Ethical Notions
        24. The Druids; Progenitors of Their System
        25. Hesiod; The Nine Muses; The Hesiodic Cosmogony; The Ancient Speculators, Materialists; Derivative Character of the Heresies from Heathen Philosophy
      2. Book IV
        1. System of the Astrologers; Sidereal Influence; Configuration of the Stars
        2. Doctrines Concerning Æons; The Chaldean Astrology; Heresy Derivable from It
        3. The Horoscope the Foundation of Astrology; Indiscoverability of the Horoscope; Therefore the Futility of the Chaldean Art
        4. Impossibility of Fixing the Horoscope; Failure of an Attempt to Do This at the Period of Birth
        5. Another Method of Fixing the Horoscope at Birth; Equally Futile; Use of the Clepsydra in Astrology; The Predictions of the Chaldeans Not Verified
        6. Zodiacal Influence; Origin of Sidereal Names
        7. Practical Absurdity of the Chaldaic Art; Development of the Art
        8. Prodigies of the Astrologers; System of the Astronomers; Chaldean Doctrine of Circles; Distances of the Heavenly Bodies
        9. Further Astronomic Calculations
        10. Theory of Stellar Motion and Distance in Accordance with Harmony
        11. Theory of the Size of the Heavenly Bodies in Accordance with Numerical Harmonies
        12. Waste of Mental Energy in the Systems of the Astrologers
        13. Mention of the Heretic Colarbasus; Alliance Between Heresy and the Pythagorean Philosophy
        14. System of the Arithmeticians; Predictions Through Calculations; Numerical Roots; Transference of These Doctrines to Letters; Examples in Particular Names; Different Methods of Calculation; Prescience Possible by These
        15. Quibbles of the Numerical Theorists; The Art of the Frontispicists (Physiognomy); Connection of This Art with Astrology; Type of Those Born Under Aries
        16. Type of Those Born Under Taurus
        17. Type of Those Born Under Gemini
        18. Type of Those Born Under Cancer
        19. Type of Those Born Under Leo
        20. Type of Those Born Under Virgo
        21. Type of Those Born Under Libra
        22. Type of Those Born Under Scorpio
        23. Type of Those Born Under Sagittarius
        24. Type of Those Born Under Capricorn
        25. Type of Those Born Under Aquarius
        26. Type of Those Born Under Pisces
        27. Futility of This Theory of Stellar Influence
        28. System of the Magicians; Incantations of Demons; Secret Magical Rites
        29. Display of Different Eggs
        30. Self-Slaughter of Sheep
        31. Method of Poisoning Goats
        32. Imitations of Thunder, and Other Illusions
        33. The Burning Æsculapius; Tricks with Fire
        34. The Illusion of the Sealed Letters; Object in Detailing These Juggleries
        35. The Divination by a Cauldron; Illusion of Fiery Demons; Specimen of a Magical Invocation
        36. Mode of Managing an Apparition
        37. Illusive Appearance of the Moon
        38. Illusive Appearance of the Stars
        39. Imitation of an Earthquake
        40. Trick with the Liver
        41. Making a Skull Speak
        42. The Fraud of the Foregoing Practices; Their Connection with Heresy
        43. Recapitulation of Theologies and Cosmogonies; System of the Persians; Of the Babylonians; The Egyptian Notion of Deity; Their Theology Based on a Theory of Numbers; Their System of Cosmogony
        44. Egyptian Theory of Nature; Their Amulets
        45. Use of the Foregoing Discussions
        46. The Astrotheosophists; Aratus Imitated by the Heresiarchs; His System of the Disposition of the Stars
        47. Opinions of the Heretics Borrowed from Aratus
        48. Invention of the Lyre; Allegorizing the Appearance and Position of the Stars; Origin of the Phœnicians; The Logos Identified by Aratus with the Constellation Canis; Influence of Canis on Fertility and Life Generally
        49. Symbol of the Creature; And of Spirit; And of the Different Orders of Animals
        50. Folly of Astrology
        51. The Hebdomadarii; System of the Arithmeticians; Pressed into the Service of Heresy; Instances Of, in Simon and Valentinus; The Nature of the Universe Deducible from the Physiology of the Brain
        52. Note
      3. Book V
        1. Contents
        2. Recapitulation; Characteristics of Heresy; Origin of the Name Naasseni; The System of the Naasseni
        3. Naasseni Ascribe Their System, Through Mariamne, to James the Lord's Brother; Really Traceable to the Ancient Mysteries; Their Psychology as Given in the “Gospel According to Thomas;” Assyrian Theory of the Soul; The Systems of the Naasseni and the Assyrians Compared; Support Drawn by the Naasseni from the Phrygian and Egyptian Mysteries; The Mysteries of Isis; These Mysteries Allegorized by the Naasseni
        4. Further Exposition of the Heresy of the Naasseni; Profess to Follow Homer; Acknowledge a Triad of Principles; Their Technical Names of the Triad; Support These on the Authority of Greek Poets; Allegorize Our Saviour's Miracles; The Mystery of the Samothracians; Why the Lord Chose Twelve Disciples; The Name Corybas, Used by Thracians and Phrygians, Explained; Naasseni Profess to Find Their System in Scripture; Their Interpretation of Jacob's Vision; Their Idea of the “Perfect Man;” The “Perfect Man” Called “Papa” By the Phrygians; The Naasseni and Phrygians on the Resurrection; The Ecstasis of St. Paul; The Mysteries of Religion as Alluded to by Christ; Interpretation of the Parable of the Sower; Allegory of the Promised Land; Comparison of the System of the Phrygians with the Statements of Scripture; Exposition of the Meaning of the Higher and Lower Eleusinian Mysteries; The Incarnation Discoverable Here According to the Naasseni
        5. Further Use Made of the System of the Phrygians; Mode of Celebrating the Mysteries; The Mystery of the “Great Mother;” These Mysteries Have a Joint Object of Worship with the Naasseni; The Naasseni Allegorize the Scriptural Account of the Garden of Eden; The Allegory Applied to the Life of Jesus
        6. Explanation of the System of the Naasseni Taken from One of Their Hymns
        7. The Ophites the Grand Source of Heresy
        8. The System of the Peratæ; Their Tritheism; Explanation of the Incarnation
        9. The Peratæ Derive Their System from the Astrologers; This Proved by a Statement of the Astrological Theories of the Zodiac; Hence the Terminology of the Peratic Heretics
        10. System of the Peratæ Explained Out of One of Their Own Books
        11. The Peratic Heresy Nominally Different from Astrology, But Really the Same System Allegorized
        12. Why They Call Themselves Peratæ; Their Theory of Generation Supported by an Appeal to Antiquity; Their Interpretation of the Exodus of Israel; Their System of “The Serpent;” Deduced by Them from Scripture; This the Real Import of the Doctrines of the Astrologers
        13. Compendious Statement of the Doctrines of the Peratæ
        14. The Peratic Heresy Not Generally Known
        15. The System of the Sethians; Their Triad of Infinite Principles; Their Heresy Explained; Their Interpretation of the Incarnation
        16. The Sethians Support Their Doctrines by an Allegorical Interpretation of Scripture; Their System Really Derived from Natural Philosophers and from the Orphic Rites; Adopt the Homeric Cosmogony
        17. The Sethian Theory Concerning “Mixture” And “Composition;” Application of It to Christ; Illustration from the Well of Ampa
        18. The Sethian Doctrines to Be Learned from the “Paraphrase of Seth.”
        19. The System of Justinus Antiscriptural and Essentially Pagan
        20. The Justinian Heresy Unfolded in the “Book of Baruch.”
        21. The Cosmogony of Justinus an Allegorical Explanation of Herodotus' Legend of Hercules
        22. Justinus' Triad of Principles; His Angelography Founded on This Triad; His Explanation of the Birth, Life, and Death of Our Lord
        23. Oath Used by the Justinian Heretics; The Book of Baruch; The Repertory of Their System
        24. Subsequent Heresies Deducible from the System of Justinus
      4. Book VI
        1. Contents
        2. The Ophites the Progenitors of Subsequent Heresies
        3. Simon Magus
        4. Story of Apsethus the Libyan
        5. Simon's Forced Interpretation of Scripture; Plagiarizes from Heraclitus and Aristotle; Simon's System of Sensible and Intelligible Existences
        6. Simon Appeals to Scripture in Support of His System
        7. Simon's System Expounded in the Work, Great Announcement; Follows Empedocles
        8. Simon's System of a Threefold Emanation by Pairs
        9. Further Progression of This Threefold Emanation; Co-Existence with the Double Triad of a Seventh Existence
        10. Simon's Interpretation of the Mosaic Hexaëmeron; His Allegorical Representation of Paradise
        11. Simon's Explanation of the First Two Books of Moses
        12. Simon's Explanation of the Three Last Books of the Pentateuch
        13. Fire a Primal Principle, According to Simon
        14. His Doctrine of Emanation Further Expanded
        15. Simon Interprets His System by the Mythological Representation of Helen of Troy; Gives an Account of Himself in Connection with the Trojan Heroine; Immorality of His Followers; Simon's View of Christ; The Simonists' Apology for Their Vice
        16. Simon's Disciples Adopt the Mysteries; Simon Meets St. Peter at Rome; Account of Simon's Closing Years
        17. Heresy of Valentinus; Derived from Plato and Pythagoras
        18. Origin of the Greek Philosophy
        19. Pythagoras' System of Numbers
        20. Pythagoras' Duality of Substances; His “Categories.”
        21. Pythagoras' Cosmogony; Similar to that of Empedocles
        22. Other Opinions of Pythagoras
        23. The “Sayings” Of Pythagoras
        24. Pythagoras' Astronomic System
        25. Valentinus Convicted of Plagiarisms from the Platonic and Pythagoric Philosophy; The Valentinian Theory of Emanation by Duads
        26. The Tenet of the Duad Made the Foundation of Valentinus' System of the Emanation of Æons
        27. Valentinus' Explanation of the Existence of Christ and the Spirit
        28. Valentinus' Explanation of the Existence of Jesus; Power of Jesus Over Humanity
        29. The Valentinian Origin of the Creation
        30. The Other Valentinian Emanations in Conformity with the Pythagorean System of Numbers
        31. Valentinus' Explanation of the Birth of Jesus; Twofold Doctrine on the Nature of Jesus' Body; Opinion of the Italians, that Is, Heracleon and Ptolemæus; Opinion of the Orientals, that Is, Axionicus and Bardesanes
        32. Further Doctrines of Valentinus Respecting the Æons; Reasons for the Incarnation
        33. Valentinus Convicted of Plagiarisms from Plato
        34. Secundus' System of Æons; Epiphanes; Ptolemæus
        35. System of Marcus; A Mere Impostor; His Wicked Devices Upon the Eucharistic Cup
        36. Further Acts of Jugglery on the Part of Marcus
        37. The Heretical Practices of the Marcites in Regard of Baptism
        38. Marcus' System Explained by Irenæus; Marcus' Vision; The Vision of Valentinus Revealing to Him His System
        39. Marcus' System of Letters
        40. The Quaternion Exhibits “Truth.”
        41. The Name of Christ Jesus
        42. Marcus' Mystic Interpretation of the Alphabet
        43. His System Applied to Explain Our Lord's Life and Death
        44. Letters, Symbols of the Heavens
        45. Respecting the Generation of the Twenty-Four Letters
        46. Why Jesus is Called Alpha
        47. Marcus' Account of the Birth and Life of Our Lord
        48. The System of Marcus Shown to Be that of Pythagoras, by Quotations from the Writings of Marcus' Followers
        49. Their Cosmogony Framed According to These Mystic Doctrines of Letters
        50. The Work of the Demiurge Perishable
        51. Marcus and Colarbasus Refuted by Irenæus
      5. Book VII
        1. Contents
        2. Heresy Compared to (1) the Stormy Ocean, (2) the Rocks of the Sirens; Moral from Ulysses and the Sirens
        3. The System of Basilides Derived from Aristotle
        4. Sketch of Aristotle's Philosophy
        5. Aristotle's General Idea
        6. Nonentity as a Cause
        7. Substance, According to Aristotle; The Predicates
        8. Aristotle's Cosmogony; His “Psychology;” His “Entelecheia;” His Theology; His Ethics; Basilides Follows Aristotle
        9. Basilides and Isidorus Allege Apostolic Sanction for Their Systems; They Really Follow Aristotle
        10. Basilides Adopts the Aristotelian Doctrine of “Nonentity.”
        11. Origin of the World; Basilides' Account of the “Sonship.”
        12. The “Great Archon” Of Basilides
        13. Basilides Adopts the “Entelecheia” Of Aristotle
        14. Further Explanation of the “Sonship.”
        15. Whence Came the Gospel; The Number of Heavens According to Basilides; Explanation of Christ's Miraculous Conception
        16. God's Dealings with the Creature; Basilides' Notion of (1) the Inner Man, (2) the Gospel; His Interpretation of the Life and Sufferings of Our Lord
        17. The System of Saturnilus
        18. Marcion; His Dualism; Derives His System from Empedocles; Sketch of the Doctrine of Empedocles
        19. Source of Marcionism; Empedocles Reasserted as the Suggester of the Heresy
        20. The Heresy of Prepon; Follows Empedocles; Marcion Rejects the Generation of the Saviour
        21. The Heresy of Carpocrates; Wicked Doctrines Concerning Jesus Christ; Practise Magical Arts; Adopt a Metempsychosis
        22. The System of Cerinthus Concerning Christ
        23. Doctrine of the Ebionæans
        24. The Heresy of Theodotus
        25. The Melchisedecians; The Nicolaitans
        26. The Heresy of Cerdon
        27. The Doctrines of Apelles; Philumene, His Prophetess
      6. Book VIII
      7. Book I. X
        1. Contents
        2. An Account of Contemporaneous Heresy
        3. Source of the Heresy of Noetus; Cleomenes His Disciple; Its Appearance at Rome During the Episcopates of Zephyrinus and Callistus; Noetianism Opposed at Rome by Hippolytus
        4. Noetianism an Offshoot from the Heraclitic Philosophy
        5. An Account of the System of Heraclitus
        6. Heraclitus' Estimate of Hesiod; Paradoxes of Heraclitus; His Eschatology; The Heresy of Noetus of Heraclitean Origin; Noetus' View of the Birth and Passion of Our Lord
        7. Conduct of Callistus and Zephyrinus in the Matter of Noetianism; Avowed Opinion of Zephyrinus Concerning Jesus Christ; Disapproval of Hippolytus; As a Contemporaneous Event, Hippolytus Competent to Explain It
        8. The Personal History of Callistus; His Occupation as a Banker; Fraud on Carpophorus; Callistus Absconds; Attempted Suicide; Condemned to the Treadmill; Re-Condemnation by Order of the Prefect Fuscianus; Banished to Sardinia; Release of Callistus by the Interference Of Marcion; Callistus Arrives at Rome; Pope Victor Removes Callistus to Antium; Return of Callistus on Victor's Death; Zephyrinus Friendly to Him; Callistus Accused by Sabellius; Hippolytus' Account of the Opinions of Callistus; The Callistian School at Rome, and Its Practices; This Sect in Existence in Hippolytus' Time
        9. Sect of the Elchasaites; Hippolytus' Opposition to It
        10. Elchasai Derived His System from Pythagoras; Practised Incantations
        11. Elchasai's Mode of Administering Baptism; Formularies
        12. Precepts of Elchasai
        13. The Heresy of the Elchasaites a Derivative One
        14. The Jewish Sects
        15. The Tenets of the Esseni
        16. The Tenets of the Esseni Continued
        17. The Tenets of the Esseni Continued
        18. The Tenets of the Esseni Continued
        19. The Tenets of the Esseni Continued
        20. The Tenets of the Esseni Continued
        21. The Tenets of the Esseni Concluded
        22. Different Sects of the Esseni
        23. Belief of the Esseni in the Resurrection; Their System a Suggestive One
        24. Another Sect of the Esseni: the Pharisees
        25. The Sadducees
        26. The Jewish Religion
        27. Conclusion to the Work Explained
      8. Book X
      9. Elucidations
      10. General Note
    3. The Extant Works and Fragments of Hippolytus
      1. Exegetical
        1. On the Hexaëmeron, Or Six Days' Work
        2. On Genesis
        3. On Numbers
        4. On Kings
        5. On the Psalms
        6. On Proverbs
        7. On the Song of Songs
        8. On Isaiah
        9. On Jeremiah and Ezekiel
        10. On Daniel
        11. On Matthew
        12. On Luke
        13. Doubtful Fragments on the Pentateuch
        14. On the Psalms
      2. Dogmatical and Historical
    4. Appendix to the Works of Hippolytus. Containing Dubious and Spurious Pieces
  4. Cyprian
    1. Introductory Notice to Cyprian
    2. The Life and Passion of Cyprian, Bishop and Martyr. By Pontius the Deacon
    3. The Epistles of Cyprian
      1. To Donatus
      2. From the Roman Clergy to the Carthaginian Clergy, About the Retirement of the Blessed Cyprian
      3. To the Presbyters and Deacons Abiding at Rome. A.D. 250
      4. To the Presbyters and Deacons
      5. To the Presbyters and Deacons
      6. To Rogatianus the Presbyter, and the Other Confessors. A.D. 250
      7. To the Clergy, Concerning Prayer to God
      8. To the Martyrs and Confessors
      9. To the Clergy, Concerning Certain Presbyters Who Had Rashly Granted Peace to the Lapsed Before the Persecution Had Been Appeased, and Without the Privity of the Bishops
      10. To the Martyrs and Confessors Who Sought that Peace Should Be Granted to the Lapsed
      11. To the People
      12. To the Clergy, Concerning the Lapsed and Catechumens, that They Should Not Be Left Without Superintendence
      13. To the Clergy, Concerning Those Who are in Haste to Receive Peace. A.D. 250
      14. To the Presbyters and Deacons Assembled at Rome
      15. To Moyses and Maximus, and the Rest of the Confessors
      16. The Confessors to Cyprian
      17. To the Presbyters and Deacons About the Foregoing and the Following Letters
      18. Caldonius to Cyprian
      19. Cyprian Replies to Caldonius
      20. Celerinus to Lucian
      21. Lucian Replies to Celerinus
      22. To the Clergy Abiding at Rome, Concerning Many of the Confessors, and Concerning the Forwardness of Lucian and the Modesty of Celerinus the Confessor
      23. To the Clergy, on the Letters Sent to Rome, and About the Appointment of Saturus as Reader, and Optatus as Sub-Deacon. A.D. 250
      24. To Moyses and Maximus and the Rest of the Confessors
      25. Moyses, Maximus, Nicostratus, and the Other Confessors Answer the Foregoing Letter. A.D. 250
      26. Cyprian to the Lapsed
      27. To the Presbyters and Deacons
      28. To the Presbyters and Deacons Abiding at Rome
      29. The Presbyters and Deacons Abiding at Rome, to Cyprian
      30. The Roman Clergy to Cyprian
      31. To the Carthaginian Clergy, About the Letters Sent to Rome, and Received Thence
      32. To the Clergy and People, About the Ordination of Aurelius as a Reader
      33. To the Clergy and People, About the Ordination of Celerinus as Reader
      34. To the Same, About the Ordination of Numidicus as Presbyter
      35. To the Clergy, Concerning the Care of the Poor and Strangers
      36. To the Clergy, Bidding Them Show Every Kindness to the Confessors in Prison
      37. To Caldonius, Herculanus, and Others, About the Excommunication of Felicissimus
      38. The Letter of Caldonius, Herculanus, and Others, on the Excommunication of Felicissimus with His People
      39. To the People, Concerning Five Schismatic Presbyters of the Faction of Felicissimus
      40. To Cornelius, on His Refusal to Receive Novatian's Ordination
      41. To Cornelius, About Cyprian's Approval of His Ordination, and Concerning Felicissimus
      42. To the Same, on His Having Sent Letters to the Confessors Whom Novatian Had Seduced
      43. To the Roman Confessors, that They Should Return to Unity
      44. To Cornelius, Concerning Polycarp the Adrumetine
      45. Cornelius to Cyprian, on the Return of the Confessors to Unity
      46. Cyprian's Answer to Cornelius, Congratulating Him on the Return of the Confessors from Schism
      47. Cornelius to Cyprian, Concerning the Faction of Novatian with His Party
      48. Cyprian's Answer to Cornelius, Concerning the Crimes of Novatus
      49. Maximus and the Other Confessors to Cyprian, About Their Return from Schism
      50. From Cyprian to the Confessors, Congratulating Them on Their Return from Schism
      51. To Antonianus About Cornelius and Novatian
      52. To Fortunatus and His Other Colleagues, Concerning Those Who Had Been Overcome by Tortures
      53. To Cornelius, Concerning Granting Peace to the Lapsed
      54. To Cornelius, Concerning Fortunatus and Felicissimus, or Against the Heretics
      55. To the People of Thibaris, Exhorting to Martyrdom
      56. To Cornelius in Exile, Concerning His Confession
      57. To Lucius The Bishop of Rome, Returned from Banishment
      58. To Fidus, on the Baptism of Infants
      59. To the Numidian Bishops, on the Redemption of Their Brethren from Captivity Among the Barbarians
      60. To Euchratius, About an Actor
      61. To Pomponius, Concerning Some Virgins
      62. Cæcilius, on the Sacrament of the Cup of the Lord
      63. To Epictetus and to the Congregation of Assuræ, Concerning Fortunatianus, Formerly Their Bishop
      64. To Rogatianus, Concerning the Deacon Who Contended Against the Bishop
      65. To the Clergy and People Abiding at Furni, About Victor, Who Had Made the Presbyter Faustinus a Guardian
      66. To Father Stephanus, Concerning Marcianus of Arles, Who Had Joined Himself to Novatian
      67. To the Clergy and People Abiding in Spain, Concerning Basilides and Martial
      68. To Florentius Pupianus, on Calumniators
      69. To Januarius and Other Numidian Bishops, on Baptizing Heretics
      70. To Quintus, Concerning the Baptism of Heretics
      71. To Stephen, Concerning a Council
      72. To Jubaianus, Concerning the Baptism of Heretics
      73. To Pompey, Against the Epistle of Stephen About the Baptism of Heretics
      74. Firmilian, Bishop of Cæsarea in Cappadocia, to Cyprian, Against the Letter of Stephen. A.D. 256
      75. To Magnus, on Baptizing the Novatians, and Those Who Obtain Grace on a Sick-Bed
      76. Cyprian to Nemesianus and Other Martyrs in the Mines
      77. The Reply of Nemesianus, Dativus, Felix, and Victor, to Cyprian
      78. The Reply to the Same of Lucius and the Rest of the Martyrs
      79. The Answer of Felix, Jader, Polianus, and the Rest of the Martyrs, to Cyprian
      80. Cyprian to Sergius, Rogatianus, and the Other Confessors in Prison
      81. To Successus on the Tidings Brought from Rome, Telling of the Persecution
      82. To the Clergy and People Concerning His Retirement, a Little Before His Martyrdom
      83. Elucidations
    4. The Treatises of Cyprian
      1. On the Unity of the Church
      2. On the Dress of Virgins
      3. On the Lapsed
      4. On the Lord's Prayer
      5. An Address to Demetrianus
      6. On the Vanity of Idols: Showing that the Idols are Not Gods, and that God is One, and that Through Christ Salvation is Given to Believers
      7. On the Mortality
      8. On Works and Alms
      9. On the Advantage of Patience
      10. On Jealousy and Envy
      11. Exhortation to Martyrdom, Addressed to Fortunatus
        1. Preface
        2. Heads of the Following Book
        3. That idols are not gods, and that the elements are not to be worshipped in the place of gods
        4. That God alone must be worshipped
        5. What is God's threatening against those who sacrifice to idols?
        6. That God does not easily pardon idolaters
        7. That God is so angry against idolatry, that He has even enjoined those to be slain who persuade others to sacrifice and serve idols
        8. That, being redeemed and quickened by the blood of Christ, we ought to prefer nothing to Christ
        9. That those who are snatched from the jaws of the devil, and delivered from the snares of this world, ought not again to return to the world, lest they should lose the advantage of their withdrawal therefrom
        10. That we must press on and persevere in faith and virtue, and in completion of heavenly and spiritual grace, that we may attain to the palm and the crown
        11. That afflictions and persecutions arise for the sake of our being proved
        12. That injuries and penalties of persecutions are not to be feared by us, because greater is the Lord to protect than the devil to assault
        13. That it was before predicted that the world would hold us in abhorrence, and that it would stir up persecutions against us, and that no new thing is happening to the Christians, since from the beginning of the world the good have suffered, and the righteous have been oppressed and slain by the unrighteous
        14. What hope and reward remains for the righteous and for martyrs after the conflicts and sufferings of this present time
        15. That we receive more as the reward of our suffering than what we endure here in the suffering itself
      12. Three Books of Testimonies Against the Jews
        1. Preface
        2. Book I
          1. Heads
          2. That the Jews have fallen under the heavy wrath of God because they have forsaken the Lord, and have followed idols
          3. Also because they did not believe the prophets, and put them to death
          4. That it was previously foretold that they would neither know the Lord, nor understand, nor receive Him
          5. That the Jews would not understand the Holy Scriptures, but that they would be intelligible in the last times, after that Christ had come
          6. That the Jews could understand nothing of the Scriptures unless they first believed in Christ
          7. That the Jews should lose Jerusalem, and should leave the land which they had received
          8. Also that they should lose the Light of the Lord
          9. That the first circumcision of the flesh is made void, and the second circumcision of the spirit is promised instead
          10. That the former law which was given by Moses was to cease
          11. That a new law was to be given
          12. That another dispensation and a new covenant was to be given
          13. That the old baptism should cease, and a new one should begin
          14. That the old yoke should be made void, and a new yoke should be given
          15. That the old pastors should cease and new ones begin
          16. That Christ should be the house and temple of God, and that the old temple should cease, and the new one should begin
          17. That the ancient sacrifice should be made void, and a new one should be celebrated
          18. That the old priesthood should cease, and a new priest should come, who should be for ever
          19. That another Prophet such as Moses was promised, to wit, one who should give a new testament, and who rather ought to be heard
          20. That two peoples were foretold, the elder and the younger; that is, the old people of the Jews, and the new one which should consist of us
          21. That the Church which before had been barren should have more children from among the Gentiles than what the synagogue had had before
          22. That the Gentiles should rather believe in Christ
          23. That the Jews would lose while we should receive the bread and the cup of Christ and all His grace, and that the new name of Christians should be blessed in the earth
          24. That the Gentiles rather than the Jews attain to the kingdom of heaven
          25. That by this alone the Jews can receive pardon of their sins, if they wash away the blood of Christ slain, in His baptism, and, passing over into His Church, obey His precepts
        3. Book II
          1. Heads
          2. That Christ is the First-born, and that He is the Wisdom of God, by whom all things were made
          3. That Christ is the Wisdom of God; and concerning the sacrament of His incarnation and of His passion, and cup and altar; and of the apostles who were sent, and preached
          4. That the same Christ is the Word of God
          5. That Christ is the Hand and Arm of God
          6. That Christ is at once Angel and God
          7. That Christ is God
          8. That Christ our God should come, the Enlightener and Saviour of the human race
          9. That although from the beginning He had been the Son of God, yet He had to be begotten again according to the flesh
          10. That this should be the sign of His nativity, that He should be born of a virgin--man and God--a son of man and a Son of God
          11. That Christ is both man and God, compounded of both natures, that He might be a Mediator between us and the Father
          12. That Christ was to be born of the seed of David, according to the flesh
          13. That Christ should be born in Bethlehem
          14. That Christ was to come in low estate in His first advent
          15. That He is the righteous One whom the Jews should put to death
          16. That Christ is called a sheep and a lamb who was to be slain, and concerning the sacrament (mystery) of the passion
          17. That Christ also is called a Stone
          18. That afterwards this Stone should become a mountain, and should fill the whole earth
          19. That in the last times the same mountain should be manifested, and upon it the Gentiles should come, and on it all the righteous should go up
          20. That Christ is the Bridegroom, having the Church as His bride, from which spiritual children were to be born
          21. That the Jews would fasten Christ to the cross
          22. That in the passion and the sign of the cross is all virtue and power
          23. That in this sign of the Cross is salvation for all people who are marked on their foreheads
          24. That at mid-day in His passion there should be darkness
          25. That He was not to be overcome of death, nor should remain in Hades
          26. That He should rise again from the dead on the third day
          27. That after He had risen again He should receive from His Father all power, and His power should be everlasting
          28. That it is impossible to attain to God the Father, except by His Son Jesus Christ
          29. That Jesus Christ shall come as a Judge
          30. That He will reign as a King for ever
          31. That He Himself is both Judge and King
        4. Book III
          1. Preface
          2. Heads
          3. Of the benefit of good works and mercy
          4. In works and alms, even if by smallness of power less be done, that the will itself is sufficient
          5. That charity and brotherly affection are to be religiously and stedfastly practised
          6. That we must boast in nothing, since nothing is our own
          7. That humility and quietness are to be maintained in all things
          8. That all good and righteous men suffer more, but ought to endure because they are proved
          9. That we must not grieve the Holy Spirit, whom we have received
          10. That anger must be overcome, lest it constrain us to sin
          11. That brethren ought to support one another
          12. That we must trust in God only, and in Him we must glory
          13. That he who has attained to trust, having put off the former man, ought to regard only celestial and spiritual things, and to give no heed to the world which he has already renounced
          14. That we must not swear
          15. That we must not curse
          16. That we must never murmur, but bless God concerning all things that happen
          17. That men are tried by God for this purpose, that they may be proved
          18. Of the benefits of martyrdom
          19. That what we suffer in this world is of less account than is the reward which is promised
          20. That nothing is to be preferred to the love of God and Christ
          21. That we are not to obey our own will, but the will of God
          22. That the foundation and strength of hope and faith is fear
          23. That we must not rashly judge of another
          24. That when we have received a wrong, we must remit and forgive it
          25. That evil is not to be returned for evil
          26. That it is impossible to attain to the Father but by His Son Jesus Christ
          27. That unless a man have been baptized and born again, he cannot attain unto the kingdom of God
          28. That it is of small account to be baptized and to receive the Eucharist, unless one profit by it both in deeds and works
          29. That even a baptized person loses the grace that he has attained, unless he keep innocency
          30. That remission cannot in the Church be granted unto him who has sinned against God (i.e., the Holy Ghost)
          31. That it was before predicted, concerning the hatred of the Name
          32. That what any one has vowed to God, he must quickly repay
          33. That he who does not believe is judged already
          34. Of the benefit of virginity and of continency
          35. That the Father judgeth nothing, but the Son; and that the Father is not glorified by him by whom the Son is not glorified
          36. That the believer ought not to live like the Gentile
          37. That God is patient for this end, that we may repent of our sin, and be reformed
          38. That a woman ought not to be adorned in a worldly fashion
          39. That the believer ought not to be punished for other offences, except for the name he bears
          40. That the servant of God ought to be innocent, lest he fall into secular punishment
          41. That there is given to us an example of living in Christ
          42. That we must not labour noisily nor boastfully
          43. That faith is of advantage altogether, and that we can do as much as we believe
          44. That he who believes can immediately obtain (i.e., pardon and peace)
          45. That believers who differ among themselves ought not to refer to a Gentile judge
          46. That hope is of future things, and therefore that our faith concerning those things which are promised ought to be patient
          47. That a woman ought to be silent in the church
          48. That it arises from our fault and our desert that we suffer, and do not perceive God's help in everything
          49. That we must not take usury
          50. That even our enemies must be loved
          51. That the sacrament of faith must not be profaned
          52. That no one should be uplifted in his labour
          53. That the liberty of believing or of not believing is placed in free choice
          54. That the secrets of God cannot be seen through, and therefore that our faith ought to be simple
          55. That no one is without filth and without sin
          56. That we must not please men, but God
          57. That nothing that is done is hidden from God
          58. That the believer is amended and reserved
          59. That no one should be made sad by death; since in living is labour and peril, in dying peace and the certainty of resurrection
          60. Of the idols which the Gentiles think to be gods
          61. That too great lust of food is not to be desired
          62. That the lust of possessing, and money, are not to be sought for
          63. That marriage is not to be contracted with Gentiles
          64. That the sin of fornication is grievous
          65. What are those carnal things which beget death, and what are the spiritual things which lead to life
          66. That all sins are put away in baptism
          67. That the discipline of God is to be observed in Church precepts
          68. That it was foretold that men should despise sound discipline
          69. That we must depart from him who lives irregularly and contrary to discipline
          70. That the kingdom of God is not in the wisdom of the world, nor in eloquence, but in the faith of the cross, and in virtue of conversation
          71. That we must obey parents
          72. And that fathers also should not be harsh in respect of their children
          73. That servants, when they have believed, ought to serve their carnal masters the better
          74. Moreover, that masters should be the more gentle
          75. That all widows that are approved are to be held in honour
          76. That every person ought to have care rather of his own people, and especially of believers
          77. That we must not speak with heretics
          78. That innocency asks with confidence, and obtains
          79. That the devil has no power against man unless God have allowed it
          80. That a schism must not be made, even although he who withdraws should remain in one faith, and in the same tradition
          81. That believers ought to be simple, with prudence
          82. That a brother must not be deceived
          83. That the end of the world comes suddenly
          84. That a wife must not depart from her husband; or if she should depart, she must remain unmarried
          85. That every one is tempted so much as he is able to bear
          86. That not everything is to be done which is lawful
          87. That the Eucharist is to be received with fear and honour
          88. That we are to live with the good, but to avoid the evil
          89. That we must labour not with words, but with deeds
          90. That the catechumen ought now no longer to sin
          91. That judgment will be according to the times, either of equity before the law, or of law after Moses
          92. That the grace of God ought to be without price
          93. That the Holy Spirit has frequently appeared in fire
          94. That when a wrong is received, patience is to be maintained, and vengeance to be left to God
          95. That we must not use detraction
          96. That the sick are to be visited
          97. That those are more severely judged, who in this world have had more power
          98. That the widow and orphans ought to be protected
          99. That one ought to make confession while he is in the flesh
          100. That God is more loved by him who has had many sins forgiven in baptism
          101. That there is a strong conflict to be waged against the devil, and that therefore we ought to stand bravely, that we may be able to conquer
          102. That the yoke of the law was heavy, which is cast off by us, and that the Lord's yoke is easy, which is taken up by us
          103. That we are to be urgent in prayers
      13. Elucidations
    5. The Seventh Council of Carthage under Cyprian. Concerning the Baptism of Heretics
    6. Treatises Attributed to Cyprian on Questionable Authority
  5. Caius
  6. Novatian
    1. Introductory Notice to Novatian, a Roman Presbyter
    2. A Treatise of Novatian Concerning the Trinity
      1. Preface
      2. Novatian, with the View of Treating of the Trinity, Sets Forth from the Rule of Faith that We Should First of All Believe in God the Father and Lord Omnipotent, the Absolute Founder of All Things. The Works of Creation are Beautifully Described. Man's Free-Will is Asserted; God's Mercy in Inflicting Penalty on Man is Shown; The Condition After Death of the Souls of the Righteous and Unrighteous is Determined
      3. God is Above All Things, Himself Containing All Things, Immense, Eternal, Transcending the Mind of Man; Inexplicable in Discourse, Loftier Than All Sublimity
      4. That God is the Founder of All Things, Their Lord and Parent, is Proved from the Holy Scriptures
      5. Moreover, He is Good, Always the Same, Immutable, One and Only, Infinite; And His Own Name Can Never Be Declared, and He is Incorruptible and Immortal
      6. If We Regard the Anger, and Indignation, and Hatred of God Described in the Sacred Pages, We Must Remember that They are Not to Be Understood as Bearing the Character of Human Vices
      7. And That, Although Scripture Often Changes the Divine Appearance into a Human Form, Yet the Measure of the Divine Majesty is Not Included Within These Lineaments of Our Bodily Nature
      8. Moreover, that When God is Called a Spirit, Brightness, and Light, God is Not Sufficiently Expressed by Those Appellations
      9. It is This God, Therefore, that the Church Has Known and Adores; And to Him the Testimony of Things as Well Visible as Invisible is Given Both at All Times and in All Forms, by the Nature Which His Providence Rules and Governs
      10. Further, that the Same Rule of Truth Teaches Us to Believe, After the Father, Also in the Son of God, Jesus Christ Our Lord God, Being the Same that Was Promised in the Old Testament, and Manifested in the New
      11. That Jesus Christ is the Son of God and Truly Man, as Opposed to the Fancies of Heretics, Who Deny that He Took Upon Him True Flesh
      12. And Indeed that Christ Was Not Only Man, But God Also; That Even as He Was the Son of Man, So Also He Was the Son of God
      13. That Christ is God, is Proved by the Authority of the Old Testament Scriptures
      14. That the Same Truth is Proved from the Sacred Writings of the New Covenant
      15. The Author Prosecutes the Same Argument
      16. Again He Proves from the Gospel that Christ is God
      17. Again from the Gospel He Proves Christ to Be God
      18. It Is, Moreover, Proved by Moses in the Beginning of the Holy Scriptures
      19. Moreover Also, from the Fact that He Who Was Seen of Abraham is Called God; Which Cannot Be Understood of the Father, Whom No Man Hath Seen at Any Time; But of the Son in the Likeness of an Angel
      20. That God Also Appeared to Jacob as an Angel; Namely, the Son of God
      21. It is Proved from the Scriptures that Christ Was Called an Angel. But Yet It is Shown from Other Parts of Holy Scripture that He is God Also
      22. That the Same Divine Majesty is Again Confirmed in Christ by Other Scriptures
      23. That the Same Divine Majesty is in Christ, He Once More Asserts by Other Scriptures
      24. And This is So Manifest, that Some Heretics Have Thought Him to Be God the Father, Others that He Was Only God Without the Flesh
      25. That These Have Therefore Erred, by Thinking that There Was No Difference Between the Son of God and the Son of Man; Because They Have Ill Understood the Scripture
      26. And that It Does Not Follow Thence, that Because Christ Died It Must Also Be Received that God Died; For Scripture Sets Forth that Not Only Was Christ God, But Man Also
      27. Moreover, Against the Sabellians He Proves that the Father is One, the Son Another
      28. He Skilfully Replies to a Passage Which the Heretics Employed in Defence of Their Own Opinion
      29. He Proves Also that the Words Spoken to Philip Make Nothing for the Sabellians
      30. He Next Teaches Us that the Authority of the Faith Enjoins, After the Father and the Son, to Believe Also on the Holy Spirit, Whose Operations He Enumerates from Scripture
      31. In Fine, Notwithstanding the Said Heretics Have Gathered the Origin of Their Error from Consideration of What is Written: Although We Call Christ God, and the Father God, Still Scripture Does Not Set Forth Two Gods, Any More Than Two Lords or Two Teachers
      32. But that God, the Son of God, Born of God the Father from Everlasting, Who Was Always in the Father, is the Second Person to the Father, Who Does Nothing Without His Father's Decree; And that He is Lord, and the Angel of God's Great Counsel, to Whom the Father's Godhead is Given by Community of Substance
      33. Two Notes by the American Editor
    3. On the Jewish Meats
      1. Novatian, a Roman Presbyter, During His Retirement at the Time of the Decian Persecution, Being Urged by Various Letters from His Brethren, Had Written Two Earlier Epistles Against the Jews on the Subjects of Circumcision and the Sabbath, and Now Writes the Present One on the Jewish Meats
      2. He First of All Asserts that the Law is Spiritual; And Thence, Man's First Food Was Only the Fruit Trees, and the Use of Flesh Was Added, that the Law that Followed Subsequently Was to Be Understood Spiritually
      3. And Thus Unclean Animals are Not to Be Reproached, Lest the Reproach Be Thrown Upon Their Author; But When an Irrational Animal is Rejected on Any Account, It is Rather that that Very Thing Should Be Condemned in Man Who is Rational; And Therefore that in Animals the Character, the Doings, and the Wills of Men are Depicted
      4. To These Things Also Was Added Another Reason for Prohibiting Many Kinds of Meats to the Jews; To Wit, for the Restraint of the Intemperance of the People, and that They Might Serve the One God
      5. But There Was a Limit to the Use of These Shadows or Figures; For Afterwards, When the End of the Law, Christ, Came, All Things Were Said by the Apostle to Be Pure to the Pure, and the True and Holy Meat Was a Right Faith and an Unspotted Conscience
      6. But, on the Ground that Liberty in Meats is Granted to Us, There is No Permission of Luxury, There is No Taking Away of Continence and Fasting: for These Things Greatly Become the Faithful,--To Wit, that They Should Pray to God, and Give Him Thanks, Not Only by Day, But by Night
      7. Moreover, We Must Be Careful that No One Should Think that This Licence May Be Carried to Such an Extent as that He May Approach to Things Offered to Idols
  7. Appendix
  8. Indexes